Gaspare Campari

Piedmontese drinks maker who arrived in Milan in the 1850s and spent the next decade refining a red bitter aperitif, colouring it with cochineal - the one part of the recipe still unchanged. In September 1867 he took the corner site in the newly built Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II facing the Duomo and opened the Caffe Campari, where the bitter was poured beside Turin vermouth. His son Davide turned the same corner into the Camparino in 1915.